The Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) is the backbone of international trade classification. Established in 1988 and adopted by over 200 countries, the HTSUS determines:

· Duty rates for imported goods, directly affecting your profitability.

· Trade restrictions, including embargoes, anti-dumping (AD), and countervailing duties (CVD), which vary by manufacturing country.

· Eligibility for preferential trade programs, such as the USMCA (formerly NAFTA) and other agreements that lower duty costs for approved trading partners.

Since HTSUS classification impacts compliance, costs, and supply chain efficiency, accuracy is not optional—it’s federal law. The Customs Modernization Act (part of the NAFTA Implementation Act of 1993) mandates proper classification, making it a critical step in the import process.

The High Cost of Misclassification

Misclassifying goods leads to:
 Shipment delays – Customs holds improperly classified goods, disrupting supply chains.
 Fines & penalties – CBP imposes heavy fines for repeated errors.
 Increased audits – Frequent mistakes trigger deeper CBP scrutiny.
 Financial losses – Overpaying duties cuts profits; underpaying risks penalties and back charges.

Global Impact of Classification Errors

· 1 in 3 entry lines is misclassified (World Customs Organization).

· Governments lose over $20 billion annually due to incorrect duty payments.

A single error can trigger a CBP Request for Information (CF28) or Notice of Action (CF29), forcing costly rework. Repeated mistakes may lead to full-scale audits, financial penalties, and even business-threatening legal action.

How to Avoid Misclassification Risks

To protect your business, you must:
 Maintain accurate classification databases – Ensure all product codes are up to date.
 Train your team – Proper education reduces errors.
 Leverage trade expertise – Outsourcing classification ensures compliance while freeing up internal resources.

Why Outsource HTS Classification?

Partnering with a trade compliance expert like LOGICUS International helps you:
 Maximize savings – Identify preferential duty rates under free trade agreements.
 Ensure compliance – Avoid penalties with legally validated classifications.
 Streamline processes – Use advanced tools for efficient classification management.
 Prepare for audits – Proactively review and correct classifications before CBP scrutiny.

Let LOGICUS International Simplify Your Trade Compliance

Navigating HTSUS classification is complex—but you don’t have to do it alone. LOGICUS International provides:
�� Expert classification services
�� Compliance audits & risk assessments
�� Customs ruling research & support

Contact us today to optimize your classification process, reduce costs, and keep your imports moving smoothly.

�� We’re here to help. [Your Contact Information]

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You can be confident that with the vehicle experts at Logicus Freight your vehicle will arrive in exactly the same condition it was in at departure. However, there are a number of things you are required to do in order to prepare your vehicle for transport.

Car washing: In order to expedite the vehicle survey at point of origin, please present your vehicle to Logicus Freight in a clean condition. This allows for quick and fair inspection of your vehicle prior to shipment.

Climate: Vehicles should be prepared for the climate conditions of their destination. This may include engine coolant, transmission oil, and other fluids. Logicus Freight cannot be responsible for damage caused as a result of acts of nature.

Mechanical condition: Check to ensure tires are inflated to recommended PSI, battery is secure and in good condition and, most importantly, that there is a functioning emergency brake.

Cracked glass: Logicus Freight will not be responsible for damage caused by a pre-existing condition, nick, scratch, chip, crack, or any other imperfection in your vehicle’s glass.

Alarms: Alarms should be turned off. Please let us know if there are any special instructions required to start a vehicle or disarm an alarm or immobilizer. We cannot be responsible for drained batteries as a result of an alarm that has not been disabled.

Fuel level: During transport vehicles are safely driven on / off trucks, railcars and within terminal compounds. Logicus Freight requires that at least a ¼ tank of fuel be left in your vehicle so as not to delay the loading or offloading of your vehicle.

Keys: Logicus Freight requires that one set of keys be provided for the vehicle.

Antennas: Antennas should be lowered or removed. Temporary antennas, such as cell phone or CB radio antennas, should also be removed.

Stereos / GPS: Removable stereos, stereo faceplates and aftermarket GPS devices must be removed from the vehicle.

Spoilers: Spoilers, fairings, air dams or other low hanging items should be raised or removed so sufficient clearance is assured for loading on/off rail and truck ramps. If your vehicle itself has been lowered or raised, please check with a Logicus Freight customer service representative to ensure that your vehicle will have sufficient clearance.

Caps / canopies: Caps and canopies on pick-up trucks must be properly bolted or locked to the box of the truck to ensure safe movement during transport.

Luggage / roof racks: Non-permanent luggage, bike or ski racks must be removed from your vehicle, but can be stored in the trunk or back hatch area (see personal belongings section for more detail).

Personal belongings: Absolutely no personal belongings are to be left in your vehicle during shipping. All personal contents must be removed from the vehicle prior to pick up or drop off. This includes the removal of CDs, sunglasses, aftermarket GPS systems, radar detectors, removable stereos, DVD players, loose car parts, sun deflectors, additional security devices, etc.

The ONLY exceptions to this include:

• A set of properly stowed snow tires
  • As many of the tires as possible must be stowed in the trunk/hatch area of the vehicle and must not exceed the height of the rear seatback, minus the headrests.
  • If all of the tires do not fit in the truck or hatch area, the remaining tires are to be stowed behind the front seats in the rear passenger footwell area.
  • Tires will not be allowed to ship with the vehicle if they are not stowed according to the above guidelines.
• Child car seats (secured to vehicle)
• Booster cables, wheel wrench, jack
• Vehicle emergency and first aid safety kits
• Roof racks. Factory roof racks can be left on the vehicle as long as it does not surpass the railcar maximum dimensions (check with your Logicus Freight customer service representative). Aftermarket roof racks are to be removed from the vehicle and can be stored in the vehicle’s trunk or back hatch area during transit.

Although the above exceptions will be allowed in the vehicle during transit, these contents are NOT insured and Logicus Freight will not be liable for these contents.

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• Recreational vehicles (e.g. boat, camper, trailer)
• Specialty vehicles (e.g. classic car, rare or luxury car)
• Oversize vehicles (e.g. tractor, delivery van, tow truck, bus)

Getting door-to-door pick up and delivery of your vehicle is easy with our fast, reliable and professional service:

• We’ll walk you through our shipping process and let you know what to expect.
• Depending on your timing and locations, we’ll determine the best route using truck and/or rail across our extensive transportation network.
• If your vehicle will be crossing an international border, we’ll help you pull together the necessary documentation and set up the customs brokerage service you’ll need.
• Use our checklist to prepare your vehicle for the day of the move.
• We can provide you with the status of your vehicle while it’s on route to its final destination.

At the end, you’ll receive a single invoice for combined services that include our competitive vehicle transportation fee and, if applicable the duties and taxes paid on your behalf for customs clearance.

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Our recovery specialists will analyze and review your import transactions and duty paid to find opportunities for recovery including:

• Analysis focused on harmonized tariff classification, origin determination, valuation, rulings and remissions.
• A written report outlining results and identifying areas of liability or risk.
• Preparation of all refund claims.

In addition, you can use the findings to adjust your customs program to be more compliant.

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Only a small percentage of duty paid to the government is drawn back. Many companies simply are not aware that they’re able to recover duty, or how to go about it. Filing drawback puts cash back in your pocket. We have highly specialized duty drawback experts who recover millions of dollars annually for our customers.

We offer a free consultation to determine if the possibility of duty recovery exists. If there’s potential for duty, tax, or fee recovery, our team will work with you to determine the approximate amount and which methodology should be used to maximize your claim. Each drawback claim involves a very detailed analysis of your imports and exports and the collection of supporting documentation, all within complex legislation and strict regulations. Other than a minimal application and program set up fee, there is no upfront cost to you as the service is based on contingency. And, where warranted, we can also help you adjust your process to drawback duty on an ongoing basis.

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As part of the Compliance Assessment, Logicus will examine each of the following processes to assess levels of program compliance:

Tariff classification – We review your ability to determine classification and manage or validate classification provided by third parties.

Valuation – We review the logic and documentation used to determine the value for duty of your goods. We also look at your pricing relationships with related and non-related parties.

Origin determination – We verify that audit trails exist to support rule of origin claims under free trade agreements, such as NAFTA.

Record keeping – We examine record-keeping practices to identify gaps with customs or Sarbanes-Oxley requirements.

Duty reduction – We ensure that all duty programs are being properly administered.

Results from our review of your documents and processes allow you to gauge your level of compliance to customs rules and regulations and identify areas of potential risk, give you the peace of mind that in the event of an audit you have already taken steps to review and address gaps or areas of non-compliance, avoid penalties and Sarbanes-Oxley issues and if serious non-compliance issues are discovered, allow you to voluntary disclose.

To get started on determining which compliance issues you may need to address, take our free 10-minute Trade Compliance Health Check.

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Logicus has an active Corporate Social Responsibility program. Given our global reach and diverse culture, our associates choose to support organizations that are most important to them and their communities. Through team activities and volunteering, we nurture a positive workplace, and build our associates’ experience and skills. We encourage learning, growth and the next generation of associates. Logicus is actively working to reduce its environmental footprint to meet the expectations of our customers who want to partner with green-conscious companies.

The CSR program is made up of three key components:

Our communities – Giving back

Our associates are encouraged to raise funds for charitable organizations that matter to them, and Logicus will add to or match these donations. Logicus also considers ways to provide disaster relief services in communities where our associates are affected.

Our people – Investing in the future

Associates are encouraged to volunteer to support charitable organizations. Logicus has established scholarships at 13 institutions in Asia with trade-related programs. Annually, we provide 15 additional scholarships for children of Logicus employees.

Our environment – Supporting sustainability

Logicus has created a sustainability committee for ongoing green efforts and investments. The committee is working on expanding our current recycling programs, reducing paper use through automation and imaging, and making our office locations more sustainable through efficient energy use. We monitor our vehicle transportation fleet with Smartway, and upgrade to energy efficient engines and tires where possible.

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Logicus launches Direct online customs clearance platform for enhanced control, visibility

July 11, 2022, China – Logicus Global, a leading provider of customs brokerage, freight forwarding and global trade advisory solutions, who offers all the pieces. Worldwide, our clients are assured of expedient customs clearance, strategic advice, the latest technologies, reliable freight forwarding, and, if they need it, full global trade management.announced today the official launch of Logicus Go, a wholly digital, user-directed platform that provides China. importers greater visibility into and hands-on control over online customs clearance.

As an online customs broker, Logicus Go is designed to meet the needs of moderate-volume shippers, allowing them to submit, manage and modify their customs documentation anytime, anywhere through an easy-to-use platform. Users also benefit from the reassurance of having a team of Logicus’s customs experts on standby to answer questions and provide guidance when they need it.

“Logicus Go enhances supply chain visibility by giving importers real-time insight into the status of their customs clearances and empowers them to resolve delays quickly and easily so their goods keep moving.”

Logicus Go is a cloud-based, mobile-friendly online customs broker platform that guides users through the setup of their account, their required profile documentation, and individual customs entries to empower self-clearing customs. It is the ideal solution for businesses with moderate shipping volumes and infrequent variations in imported products. It streamlines supply chain operations and puts businesses in control of their customs transactions.

The launch of Logicus Go is the latest initiative in the company’s ongoing effort to provide enhanced digital services to businesses looking to simplify customs process.

“Logicus is not your traditional customs broker,” “We have tailored our deep and extensive expertise to meet the evolving needs of businesses as they adapt their operations and supply chains to a ‘new normal’ in international trade. We will continue to invest in real-world solutions that simplify trade even in the most complex environments.”

About Logicus

 

Logicus Global has served as a trusted trade adviser to businesses around the world for 75 years. It specializes in customs brokerage and trade compliance, and offers international trade consulting, global trade management and freight forwarding. Logicus provides clarity in a world of trade complexity, and reliability in times of volatility, so businesses can grow further, smarter and with confidence. Logicus employs approximately 200 associates at 85 key border points, sea ports, airports and other strategic locations across Asia, North America and Europe. Visit us at http://www.logicusglobal.com, and on Twitter, LinkedIn and Facebook.

Media Contacts

Director, Public Relations & Marketing Communications
Logicus  Global
0086 021-33636000
info@Logicusglobal .com

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On July 6, 2017, negotiators for the Japan-European Union Economic Partnership Agreement (JEEPA) announced a landmark “political agreement in principle” at the EU-Japan Summit. While negotiations continue, this represents a major step toward implementing what could become the EU’s largest free trade agreement to date.

Key Details:

· Negotiations began: March 2013

· Total negotiation rounds: 18

· Combined GDP of EU & Japan: Over ⅓ of global GDP

· Projected timeline:

° Final negotiations by mid-2018

° Entry into force by early 2019

Key Provisions of JEEPA

Tariff Reductions

Sensitive sectors:

· Agriculture: EU gains significantly in beef & cheese exports (currently facing ~40% Japanese tariffs)

· Automobiles: Japan benefits from phased EU vehicle tariff elimination (7-year staging)

Rules of Origin

JEEPA introduces product-specific origin rules with thresholds for non-originating materials (NOM):

Diagonal cumulation: Potential to exclude content from mutual FTA partners (e.g., Canada) from NOM calculations.

Other Critical Elements

· 16-chapter agreement covering intellectual property, regulatory cooperation, and data flows

· Safeguard clauses to protect domestic industries from import surges

· Pharmaceuticals: Expanded mutual recognition of manufacturing standards

Challenges Ahead

· Ratification process: Likely a “mixed agreement,” requiring approval by all EU national/regional parliaments

· Pending issues: Investment arbitration, data flow regulations

· Brexit uncertainty: UK’s future status in JEEPA remains unclear post-EU exit

Global Trade Implications

As the EU advances its trade agenda with deals like JEEPA and CETA, businesses must stay agile to capitalize on new opportunities. This agreement will reshape supply chains and competitive dynamics across industries.

Stay informed as negotiations progress toward finalization in 2018.

For ongoing updates on JEEPA and other trade agreements, subscribe to our strategic analysis reports.

Optimization Notes:

· Added structured headings for better readability

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Understanding ADD and CVD

ADD and CVD are imposed to counteract unfair trade practices:

· Antidumping Duties (ADD): Applied when foreign companies sell goods in the U.S. at “less than fair value” (below their home market price).

· Countervailing Duties (CVD): Levied when foreign governments provide unfair subsidies to exporters, distorting competition.

U.S. Enforcement Process

The U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC) and the International Trade Commission (ITC) oversee ADD/CVD cases:

1. DOC determines if dumping or unfair subsidies exist and calculates duty rates.
2. ITC assesses whether imports harm or threaten U.S. industries.
3. If both agencies confirm violations, Customs and Border Protection (CBP) collects duties.

Importers must post cash deposits equal to estimated ADD/CVD amounts until final duty assessments are made.

Key Considerations for Importers

1. Scope Determinations

· Products subject to ADD/CVD are defined by written scope descriptions, not just HS classifications.

· The DOC issues scope rulings to clarify ambiguous cases. If uncertainty exists, importers may request a ruling.

· Example: The aluminum extrusions order from China has led to 60+ scope rulings and 25 court decisions due to its complexity.

2. Liability and Compliance Risks

· CBP can retroactively bill importers for unpaid duties, sometimes years after importation.

· Importers must submit a non-reimbursement certificate to confirm the exporter has not repaid ADD. Failure to do so results in double the assessed duties.

· Evasion tactics (e.g., transshipment, false origin claims) lead to penalties—importers are ultimately liable.

3. Current ADD/CVD Landscape (as of March 2017)

· 586 active orders covering 224 products from 59 countries.

· Top affected countries: China (26.8%), India (7.7%), South Korea (6.3%), Taiwan (5.3%), Japan (4.1%).

· Common impacted goods: metals, minerals, chemicals, and industrial inputs—though any product may be targeted.

Best Practices for Compliance

1. Proactive Monitoring & Analysis

· Check CBP’s ACE portal for active ADD/CVD cases.

· Review Federal Register notices, scope rulings, and court decisions for relevant products.

· Train classification analysts to flag potential in-scope items.

2. Supply Chain Integrity

· Ensure Purchasing teams understand ADD/CVD risks.

· Verify supplier legitimacy—some exporters falsify origin or route goods through third countries to evade duties.

3. Broker & Entry Management

· Establish business rules with customs brokers to catch potential ADD/CVD hits before submission.

· Conduct retroactive entry audits to identify missed duties.

Recent Regulatory Developments

· Enforce and Protect Act (EAPA) of 2015: Strengthens CBP’s ability to investigate ADD/CVD evasion (e.g., transshipment, misdeclaration).

· 2017 Executive Order: Requires CBP to assess risks for importers with a history of non-payment, potentially mandating higher bonds or penalties.

· GAO Findings (2015): $2.3 billion in uncollected ADD/CVD—prompting stricter enforcement under the 2018 budget.

Conclusion: Mitigate Risks Through Preparation

ADD/CVD compliance demands vigilance. Non-compliance can lead to significant financial penalties and operational disruptions. By staying informed, conducting thorough product assessments, and fostering cross-departmental awareness, importers can minimize risks and ensure compliance.

Stay proactive—your business depends on it.

Sources:
[1] U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) Report (2015)
[2] President Trump’s 2018 Budget Proposal
[3] Executive Order on Trade Enforcement (March 31, 2017)

For further guidance, consult CBP’s ACE portal or seek legal expertise in trade compliance.

This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice.

The post Antidumping and Countervailing Duties (ADD/CVD): A Comprehensive Guide for Importers first appeared on Shanghai logicus Supply Chain Technology Group Co., LTD.

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